This publication provides guidance on the public health response to pretreatment HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) to non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) among people without prior antiretroviral drug exposure or people with prior ARV exposure who are initiating or reinitiating first-line antiretroviral therapy. It also provides the consensus prevalence or threshold of pretreatment HIVDR to NNRTIs at which specific public health actions are triggered.